Sources and Further Reading
[1] Suno Terms of Service, “Copyright and Ownership” section, Suno AI. https://suno.com/terms
[2] U.S. Copyright Office, “Copyright Office Releases Part 2 of Artificial Intelligence Report” (January 29, 2025). https://www.copyright.gov/newsnet/2025/1060.html
[3] Music 3.0, “5 Things The US Copyright Office Decided About AI-Generated Content” (February 2025). https://music3point0.com/2025/02/05/5-things-the-us-copyright-office-decided-about-ai-generated-content/
[4] Thaler v. Perlmutter, affirmed 2025, establishing that copyright protection is reserved for works of human creation.
[5] UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, Section 9(3), regarding computer-generated works. https://www.aoshearman.com/en/insights/ownership-of-ai-generated-content-in-the-uk
[6] UK Intellectual Property Office consultation on AI and copyright. https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=616b1fdd-bc88-444d-823e-388ba77e8339
[7] UK Government AI Economic Impact Report, expected 2026. https://www.finnegan.com/en/insights/articles/mind-the-copyright-the-uks-ai-and-copyright-conundrum.html
[8] Suno Help Center, “Do I have the copyrights to songs I made?” https://help.suno.com/en/articles/2746945
[9] Recording Industry Association of America, “Record Companies Bring Landmark Cases for Responsible AI Against Suno and Udio” (June 2024). https://www.riaa.com/record-companies-bring-landmark-cases-for-responsible-ai-againstsuno-and-udio-in-boston-and-new-york-federal-courts-respectively/
[10] CNBC, “Music labels sue AI companies Suno, Udio for U.S. copyright infringement” (June 24, 2024). https://www.cnbc.com/2024/06/24/music-labels-sue-ai-companies-suno-udio-for-us-copyright-infringement.html
[11] TechCrunch, “AI music startup Suno claims training model on copyrighted music is ‘fair use'” (August 1, 2024). https://techcrunch.com/2024/08/01/ai-music-startup-suno-response-riaa-lawsuit/
[12] Deadline, “AI Startup Suno Claims ‘Fair Use’ Copyright Doctrine Allows Training On Major Recordings” (August 2024). https://deadline.com/2024/08/ai-startup-suno-claims-copyright-doctrine-allows-ai-training-1236029563/
[13] Crowell & Moring, “Major American Music Labels Sue Generative AI Music Platforms in First Case of Its Kind Over AI Audio.” https://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/major-american-music-labels-sue-generative-ai-music-platforms-in-first-case-of-its-kind-over-ai-audio
[14] TechCrunch, “Warner Music settles copyright lawsuit with Udio, signs deal for AI music platform” (November 19, 2025). https://techcrunch.com/2025/11/19/warner-music-settles-copyright-lawsuit-with-udio-signs-deal-for-ai-music-platform/
[15] Medium, “Using Suno.AI Legally: A Guide to Copyright and AI-Generated Music in 2025” (discussion of major settlements including Bartz v. Anthropic). https://medium.com/@wackyworld_jenshenneberg/using-suno-ai-legally-a-guide-to-copyright-and-ai-generated-music-in-2025-b4ddd77b4bce
[16] Clifford Chance legal analysis on AI-generated music copyright paradox, cited in multiple legal reviews.
[17] YouTube AI content policy updates, July 2025, regarding music without clear human input.
[18] Deezer reports on AI-generated music submissions, 2024-2025.
[19] Spotify removal of AI-generated spam tracks, reported across multiple industry sources 2024-2025.
[20] TechCrunch, “Nicki Minaj, Billie Eilish, Katy Perry and other musicians sign letter against irresponsible AI” (April 2, 2024). https://techcrunch.com/2024/04/02/nicki-minaj-billie-eilish-katy-perry-and-other-musicians-sign-letter-against-irresponsible-ai/
[21] Billboard, “Open Letter on AI Music Signed By Billie Eilish, Pearl Jam, Nicki Minaj” (April 2024). https://www.billboard.com/business/tech/open-letter-ai-music-signed-billie-eilish-pearl-jam-nicki-minaj-1235647311/
[22] Variety and multiple sources on the “Heart on My Sleeve” AI Drake/Weeknd incident and subsequent takedowns (2023).
[23] Grammy eligibility ruling on AI-generated “Heart on My Sleeve,” 2023.
[24] Creator testimony from various YouTube and creator forums regarding AI music copyright claims, 2024-2025.
[25] Victoria Hasselman, legal expert, quoted in Jenner & Block analysis: “AI Music Raises Fresh Copyright Issues for Lawyers.” https://www.jenner.com/en/news-insights/publications/ai-music-raises-fresh-copyright-issues-for-lawyers-daily-journal
[26] Creative Commons licensing framework documentation, Creative Commons International.
[27] Rimon Law, “How Copyright Office Guidance Applies to Music That Includes AI-generated Material.” https://www.rimonlaw.com/how-copyright-office-guidance-applies-to-music-that-includes-ai-generated-material/
[28] Music Business Worldwide, “UMG sues Anthropic for $3bn over ‘brazen’ copyright infringement of 20,000+ songs” (January 28, 2026). https://www.musicbusinessworldwide.com/umg-concord-and-abkco-sue-anthropic-for-3bn-in-what-could-be-single-largest-non-class-action-copyright-case-in-us-history/
[29] BBC News / Multiple sources, “UK government abandons plans to give AI models access to copyrighted music” (March 18, 2026). Government confirms copyright material cannot be used for AI training without permission following widespread industry backlash. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cvg1gr5v333o
[30] Complete Music Update, “Music and AI: 2025’s developments that will shape 2026’s disputes” (January 2026). Over 10,000 consultation submissions with 95% opposing AI opt-out approach. https://completemusicupdate.com/music-and-ai-2025s-developments-that-will-shape-2026s-disputes/
Additional Resources:
10 responses
A VERY interesting read. I (we, band members) recently used AI to produce a new version of an song we wrote and recorded back in the 80s and were blown away by how it handled it.
It was specifically instructed to adhere to the melody and lyrics and chord progressions supplied in the original upload etc, plus, our original version from the 80s was previously published on YouTube, uploaded about 15 years ago, which it can be directly compared to.
Copyright *should* not be an issue this instance.
But as regards using AI to create a song, a much different kettle of fish, as you’ve outlined.
That’s a genuinely interesting use case — and you’re right that the copyright situation there is fundamentally different. If you’re the original author, providing your own melody, lyrics, and chord progressions, and using AI essentially as a production or arrangement tool rather than a creative one, you’ve retained the human authorship that copyright law actually cares about. The fact that you have an original 1980s YouTube upload as a verifiable reference doesn’t hurt either. It’s the “type a prompt and see what pops out” approach where things get legally murky — what you’ve described is much closer to using a skilled arranger than to generating something from thin air. Sounds like it came out well, too! Shane
I write lyrics but I don’t play in a band. The most of a musical instrument I have held was a triangle at school. I have tried sending my lyrics to band/ artist. But they don’t get back to you. So when I tried an AI to do it I was impressed. So I have wrote the lyrics but the AI has done the music. I carnt copyright the song. Then the music company’s should make it easier for people to get there lyrics heard.
That’s a genuinely frustrating situation, and I think you’ve put your finger on a real problem — the traditional routes for getting lyrics in front of artists are almost entirely closed to people without connections. It’s not a reflection of the quality of the writing; it’s just how the industry is structured.
The copyright position for lyrics is actually more favourable than it is for the AI-generated music underneath them. Under current US Copyright Office guidance, lyrics written by a human can be copyrighted even if the accompanying music can’t — so your words do have protection, even if the track as a whole doesn’t. That’s worth knowing, and worth documenting properly.
On finding musicians to collaborate with, platforms like Kompoz or SoundBetter are designed specifically for exactly this kind of remote collaboration, if you haven’t tried those already.
Shane
I’ve gone to some lengths to decipher the music AI ‘mentality’. As the creator of this blog mentioned, it’s how clever you’re capable of being. The short answer? Yes, you can ‘get away with it’. The long and safest answer is, upload your original bare-bones full composition and lyrics. The likes of Suno will polish it (make it more attractive) and may add some extra instrumental/vocals fills here and there. Use the preferred version Suno created and record the whole thing with real humans/computer/paid VST libraries, including lead singer/BV’s (the latter if needed). But before you do record, pay attention to the ‘extra fills’ that Suno included and make tweaks so it does not end up being exactly the same. It is of course safer when you are a paid subscriber. No one, not even Suno, will have a leg to stand on.
Option 2 is you use a song entirely created by Suno, or similar (but still with your own lyrics) and make such heavy changes that no one that listens to both versions will say they are exactly the same or not different enough. Many modern ‘pop’ songs have similar chord structures and there is no way any artist will sue the other for having similar chord structures.
Remember that before AI many artists copied some stuff from others. It’s the nature of things.
The workflow you’ve outlined in option one is essentially what the Copyright Office guidance points toward as the legally defensible approach — using AI as a tool to assist human creativity rather than replacing it. If you’re supplying the core composition and only using Suno to embellish or polish it, there’s a reasonable argument that the human authorship is still intact, particularly if you then re-record the whole thing with real instruments and make deliberate changes to anything AI-added.
Where I’d still urge caution is documentation. If you ever needed to defend your authorship — whether against a copyright claim or to register the work — being able to show the original composition, the Suno session, and the subsequent human modifications would be essential. “I made enough changes” is a much harder argument to win without a paper trail.
Option two is where I’d pump the brakes a bit, personally. “Heavy enough modifications that listeners can’t tell” is a subjective standard that tends to look a lot shakier when a lawyer’s involved. But you’re right that chord progressions alone aren’t protectable — it’s more about melodic and rhythmic similarity, and even that gets genuinely complicated.
Shane
Je m’amuse à faire ça aussi, ou d’utiliser le mastering et le mixage en n’oubliant jamais de décocher la case “autorise le remixage de ma musique”, (j’ai déjà retrouvé un de mes morceaux reutilisé avec un texte à la con et un arrangement très commun sur Suno, qui l’a quand même fait sauter après mon signalement) l’IA doit être utilisée comme un séquenceur, ou une station RaW complète, mais pas pour de la composition. Je crois que qu’elles commencent à évoluer par là. .. Heureusement. Sam Chökk (bandcamp, Spotify, youtube,…)
Good to hear the takedown worked — that’s unfortunately exactly the kind of thing I was alluding to in the article with the “don’t ask me how I know” line. Finding your own work turned into something with bargain-bin lyrics slapped over it is a particular kind of grim.
The sequencer analogy is spot on, and I think it’s the right frame for where this should land. Nobody argued that DAWs or sample libraries were going to kill composition — they just became part of the toolkit. The difference is those tools don’t make creative decisions for you; they execute them. That’s the line AI keeps trying to blur, and you’re right that there are signs of movement toward a more tool-like model, even if it’s being dragged there kicking and screaming by litigation rather than by any great philosophical awakening on the part of the companies involved.
Shane
If AI music cannot be copyrigthed in the US, why is YouTube supporting AI music against the real musician of whom the AI was trained with and then claims the real musician to be illegally copying the music and taking all the money, even from older songs?
YouTube makes no proof whatsoever and gives a shit about what’s real and what’s not.
Just claim “it is stolen from me” first and YouTube will work for you. Bunch of As….es
YouTube’s ContentID system was already open to massive abuse, and that’s before AI music arrived on the scene. Now the system is being presented with all these new AI tracks, and it can’t distinguish between human and AI. Unless they totally overhaul the system I don’t know how it’s going to get anything but worse. Great point!
Shane